The Twelve Killer
Scientists publish the list of diseases that are aggravated in the world due to global warming.
Health experts issued a list of twelve diseases that worsen and spread to new regions of the world resulting from global warming.
Diseases such as avian influenza, Ebola, cholera and tuberculosis, will spread further into the world as a result of changes in temperatures and levels of precipitation.
These changes cause a great impact not only on human health, but also in nature, changing the environment around us and altering the various ecosystems, holders of life, inducing further, in this context, dramatic changes in global economies.
The list of "Twelve Killer" was presented at the World Conservation Congress held in Barcelona, Spain.
Scientists say the best defense is "a good offensive strategy where monitoring for these pathogens spread and prepare to mitigate their impact."
Pathogens and climate
When we talk about climate change we often think of rising sea levels and melting glaciers.
But equally important, the scientists said, is how the rise in global temperatures and fluctuations in levels of precipitation affect the distribution of dangerous pathogens that cause disease.
That's why most of the diseases included in the list of "twelve killer affect both animals and humans.
"The health of animals is closely linked to the ecosystems in which they live and the environment around them," said Dr. Steven Sanderson, president of the Society for Conservation of Nature. "Any change, even the smallest, can have enormous consequences on the diseases that may develop and transmit as climate changes," he adds.
Besides the obvious impact on human health arising from these diseases in animal populations, can cause enormous economic damage.
For example, say the authors, it is estimated that diseases re-emerged since the mid-1990 (such as avian influenza) have caused losses of U.S. $ 100,000 million in the global economy.
Monitoring
Scientists say the best way to mitigate the impact of these diseases is to monitor the health of animals. With this, they say, could detect changes that occur around us and mitigate health threats before they become disasters.
Many animal pathogens are already being monitored by scientists. But they think now we must concentrate on monitoring the twelve killer because they are the ones that could spread as a result of climate change and the fluctuation in precipitation levels.
These are:
Avian flu: it originates in wild birds and is spread through feces and secretions of infected animals
Babesiosis / Leishmaniasis, a parasitic disease similar to malaria, which usually affects domestic animals, wildlife and humans. It is caused by a parasite that attacks the red blood cells and transmitted by ticks vector agent. Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease caused by different species of protozoa of the genus Leishmania. The clinical manifestations of disease, ranging from spontaneously healing cutaneous ulcers to fatal forms in which it presents severe inflammation of the liver and spleen. The nature zoonotic disease affects both dogs and humans. However, wild animals such as opossums, coatis, and anteaters and others are asymptomatic carriers of the parasite, which are regarded as animal reservoirs.
Cholera: diarrheal disease caused by bacteria in contaminated water that causes intestinal infection and primarily affects the developing world.
Ebola: One of the most lethal infectious disease caused by a known virus causing haemorrhagic fever is highly contagious and deadly affects primates and other mammals, including humans.
Intestinal and external parasites, spread in terrestrial and aquatic environments and their survival increases with increasing temperature
Lyme disease or Borreliosis: infection caused by a bacterium transmitted by ticks, very difficult to diagnose because its symptoms can be confused with many other diseases such as fibromyalgia, multiple sclerosis, lupus, etc..
Bubonic plague or Black Death, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, one of the oldest infectious diseases can still cause many deaths in animals and humans. It spreads with rodents and their fleas.
Red tide: an excessive proliferation of harmful algae on the coasts create toxins that can be lethal to both animals and humans.
Rift Valley Fever (RVF its acronym in English): viral zoonosis that primarily affects domestic livestock of great importance to food security, particularly in Africa and the Middle East
Sleeping sickness or human African trypanosomiasis, caused by a parasite that affects humans and animals and spread by the tsetse fly. We can also name the American way, American trypanosomiasis or Chagas disease is usually chronic tropical parasitic disease caused by a flagellate protozoan, Trypanosoma cruzi, which belongs to the same genus as the infectious agent that causes African sleeping sickness, and the same order as the causative agent of leishmaniasis, but its clinical manifestations, geographical distribution, life cycle and its vector are significantly different. The natural reservoir is constituted by the armadillos, marsupials (Didelphis sp or opossums), rodents, bats and wild primates, as well as certain domestic animals such as dogs, cats, even rats (Rattus rattus) and guinea pigs, and is commonly transmitted to humans hematophagous triatomines such as T. infestans (these insects have different names according to the country, including benchuca, assassin bug, kissing bugs, chip, chupança, barbeiro, Chincha and bugs), which transmits the parasite when they defecate on the bite he has done for food, contaminated blood transfusion, by eating food contaminated by the parasite or vertically from infected mother to fetus. The insect that transmits the disease to be healthy can be infected if bitten by a person with this condition, and thus acquire the ability to continue spreading the parasite.
Tuberculosis and bovine tuberculosis, now distributed worldwide, the animal form can spread to humans by consumption of unpasteurized milk, and the human form can affect animals.
Yellow fever, Malaria, Dengue, affects the tropical regions of Africa and parts of Central America and South America. Caused by a virus spread by mosquitoes and is spread to new regions with increased temperatures.
Scientists publish the list of diseases that are aggravated in the world due to global warming.Health experts issued a list of twelve diseases that worsen and spread to new regions of the world resulting from global warming.
Diseases such as avian influenza, Ebola, cholera and tuberculosis, will spread further into the world as a result of changes in temperatures and levels of precipitation.
These changes cause a great impact not only on human health, but also in nature, changing the environment around us and altering the various ecosystems, holders of life, inducing further, in this context, dramatic changes in global economies.
The list of "Twelve Killer" was presented at the World Conservation Congress held in Barcelona, Spain.
Scientists say the best defense is "a good offensive strategy where monitoring for these pathogens spread and prepare to mitigate their impact."
Pathogens and climate
When we talk about climate change we often think of rising sea levels and melting glaciers.
But equally important, the scientists said, is how the rise in global temperatures and fluctuations in levels of precipitation affect the distribution of dangerous pathogens that cause disease.
That's why most of the diseases included in the list of "twelve killer affect both animals and humans.
"The health of animals is closely linked to the ecosystems in which they live and the environment around them," said Dr. Steven Sanderson, president of the Society for Conservation of Nature. "Any change, even the smallest, can have enormous consequences on the diseases that may develop and transmit as climate changes," he adds.
Besides the obvious impact on human health arising from these diseases in animal populations, can cause enormous economic damage.
For example, say the authors, it is estimated that diseases re-emerged since the mid-1990 (such as avian influenza) have caused losses of U.S. $ 100,000 million in the global economy.
Monitoring
Scientists say the best way to mitigate the impact of these diseases is to monitor the health of animals. With this, they say, could detect changes that occur around us and mitigate health threats before they become disasters.
Many animal pathogens are already being monitored by scientists. But they think now we must concentrate on monitoring the twelve killer because they are the ones that could spread as a result of climate change and the fluctuation in precipitation levels.
These are:
Avian flu: it originates in wild birds and is spread through feces and secretions of infected animals
Babesiosis / Leishmaniasis, a parasitic disease similar to malaria, which usually affects domestic animals, wildlife and humans. It is caused by a parasite that attacks the red blood cells and transmitted by ticks vector agent. Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease caused by different species of protozoa of the genus Leishmania. The clinical manifestations of disease, ranging from spontaneously healing cutaneous ulcers to fatal forms in which it presents severe inflammation of the liver and spleen. The nature zoonotic disease affects both dogs and humans. However, wild animals such as opossums, coatis, and anteaters and others are asymptomatic carriers of the parasite, which are regarded as animal reservoirs.
Cholera: diarrheal disease caused by bacteria in contaminated water that causes intestinal infection and primarily affects the developing world.
Ebola: One of the most lethal infectious disease caused by a known virus causing haemorrhagic fever is highly contagious and deadly affects primates and other mammals, including humans.
Intestinal and external parasites, spread in terrestrial and aquatic environments and their survival increases with increasing temperature
Lyme disease or Borreliosis: infection caused by a bacterium transmitted by ticks, very difficult to diagnose because its symptoms can be confused with many other diseases such as fibromyalgia, multiple sclerosis, lupus, etc..
Bubonic plague or Black Death, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, one of the oldest infectious diseases can still cause many deaths in animals and humans. It spreads with rodents and their fleas.
Red tide: an excessive proliferation of harmful algae on the coasts create toxins that can be lethal to both animals and humans.
Rift Valley Fever (RVF its acronym in English): viral zoonosis that primarily affects domestic livestock of great importance to food security, particularly in Africa and the Middle East
Sleeping sickness or human African trypanosomiasis, caused by a parasite that affects humans and animals and spread by the tsetse fly. We can also name the American way, American trypanosomiasis or Chagas disease is usually chronic tropical parasitic disease caused by a flagellate protozoan, Trypanosoma cruzi, which belongs to the same genus as the infectious agent that causes African sleeping sickness, and the same order as the causative agent of leishmaniasis, but its clinical manifestations, geographical distribution, life cycle and its vector are significantly different. The natural reservoir is constituted by the armadillos, marsupials (Didelphis sp or opossums), rodents, bats and wild primates, as well as certain domestic animals such as dogs, cats, even rats (Rattus rattus) and guinea pigs, and is commonly transmitted to humans hematophagous triatomines such as T. infestans (these insects have different names according to the country, including benchuca, assassin bug, kissing bugs, chip, chupança, barbeiro, Chincha and bugs), which transmits the parasite when they defecate on the bite he has done for food, contaminated blood transfusion, by eating food contaminated by the parasite or vertically from infected mother to fetus. The insect that transmits the disease to be healthy can be infected if bitten by a person with this condition, and thus acquire the ability to continue spreading the parasite.
Tuberculosis and bovine tuberculosis, now distributed worldwide, the animal form can spread to humans by consumption of unpasteurized milk, and the human form can affect animals.
Yellow fever, Malaria, Dengue, affects the tropical regions of Africa and parts of Central America and South America. Caused by a virus spread by mosquitoes and is spread to new regions with increased temperatures.
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